Molding machine



Jan. 11, 1944. M, G. CLAY Em.

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MOLDING MACHINE Filed Aug. 23, 1940 Jan. 11, 1944.

Patented Jan. 11, 1944 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,339,001 MoLDING MAQHINE Murray G. Clay and Elmer 0. Beardsley, Chicago,

Ill., assignors to The Beardsley & Piper Company, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Illinois Application August 23, 1940, Serial No. 353,882

(Cl. {Z2- 36) 12 Claims.

The invention relates to controlling mechanism for power-operated mechanism for moving sand projectors over asks.

In the use of sand projectors which are movable over flasks of great area and which are supported by a jointed structure comprising members of considerable length, in order to ram sand in all portions of the flask, it is diiiicult for an operator to manually move the projector and its supporting structure. A'desideratum is to use projectors of suicient capacity for slinging large quantities of sand, which requires heavy projectors and supports. Such heavy apparatus requires such great 'manual force in moving the projector over the flask that operators can not endure the strain of the work for long periods. Another desideratum is to provide a power-operated supporting structure for the projector and the operator, whereby the operator will be seated above and close to the line of discharge of the sand so he can readily observe the depositv into the ask and selectively control the movements of the projector for uniform distribution into all portions of the flasks.

One object of the invention is to provide a single manually operable control device for hydraulic shifting mechanism for the projector whereby the operator may easily and selectively control the horizontal movement of the projector in any direction over asks of great area in all regular or irregular movements necessary to ram different flasks. This object is attained primarily by providing valve mechanisms for controlling the elements of the members of the jointed supporting structure from a single lever to which said mechanisms are connected for individual and compound operatic-n responsive 'to the direction in which the lever is shifted by the operator.

Another object of the invention is to provide a sand projector which is movable by power in any direction and includes a control device and an operators seat or support which is located at and movable with the projector so the operator can readily observe the ramming of the sand into the asks.

Another object of the invention isto provide control mechanism of this type in which the valve mechanisms control the movements of the members of the jointed structure for quick response to the movements of the control lever without imparting severe shocks to the members in sudden changes in the direction of the movement of said members.

Another object of the invention is to provide hydraulically operated shifting mechanism for the jointed supported structure for the sandprojector which includes pipe connections for supplying oil under pressure from a stationary supply to the control devices and the cylinder which are movable with a member of the supporting structure through a full circle.

Another object of the invention is to provide hydraulically operated mechanism for raising and lowering the jointed supporting structure for the projector.

Another object of the invention is to provide improved control means for hydraulically operated mechanism for shifting the projector horizontally in any direction over asks.

Other objects of the invention Will appear from the detail description.

The invention consists in the several novel features hereinafter set forth and more particularly defined by claims at the conclusion hereof.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a machine embodying the invention, some of the pipe connections being omitted.

Fig. 2 is an end view of the sand projector, the headat the outer side thereof being removed.

Fig. 3 is a plan of the supporting jib and arm and the projector, parts being omitted or broken away for illustrative purposes.

Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken longitudinally of the jib and through the stationary base and the rotatable housing by which the jib is supported.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic View of the hydraulic devices for shifting the supporting jib and arm. illustrating the control valves, the mechanism for supplying oil under pressure to said devices and the various pipe connections.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 4. v

Fig. 7 is a horizontal section taken on line 1-1 of Feb. 4.

Fig. 8 is a horizontal section taken on line 8 of Fig. 9.

Fig. 9 is a section taken on line 9 9 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a horizontal section taken on line ill- I0 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 11 is a section taken on line `II---H ofnection for the oil lines in the .jib supporting housing.

Fig. 16 is a section taken online IS-IS of Fig. 15.

Fig. 17 is a longitudinal section of the pilotcontrolled valve for controlling the operation of the hydraulic mechanism for swinging the supporting jib.

Fig. 18 is a. detail section of the plug for restricting the iiow'through the valve piston of the valve shown in Fig. 17.

Fig. 19 is a section of the valve for controlling the operation of the hydraulic device for swinging the supporting arm which 'is pivoted on the jib.

Fig. 2O is a section taken on line 2li-20 of Fig. 19.

Fig.'21 is a perspective of the pilot valve for controlling the valve which controls the hydraulic devices for swinging the supporting jib.

Fig. 22 is a horizontal section through said pilot-valve.

Fig. 23 is a section taken on line 23-23 of Fig. 22.

Fig. 21 is a section illustrating the. valve for controlling the hydraulic device for raising and lowering the jib and parts carried thereby.

The linvention is exemplified in apparatus for slinging sand into flasks by means of rotary projector A which comprises a casing a. provided with an inlet in its inner side and a discharge spout a4, a rotary blade a which slings wads of sand through spout a4, and is fixed to, and driven at high speed by, the shaft a3 of an electric motor a2 which is supported for horizontal movement with the projector. rIhe projector is supported for horizontal movement over flasks in any di rection to project wads of sand at high speed into allportions of large flasks by a jointed structure comprising a pair of pivotally supported members. such as a jib B and an arm C. Jib B is pivotally supported for horizontal'movement on a standard and arm C is pivotally supported for horizontal movement on the distal end of jib B so that either the jib or the arm may be moved to shift the projector, and their swinging movements may be compounded to bring the projector over all portions of the flask. Arm C is tubular and projector-casing a is iixed to the outer end of said arm. Electric motor a2 which drives the projector is mounted on the inner end of arm C. Arm C com-prises a bracket 4@ at its inner end and a spindle lll (Fig. il) is xed to, and depends from, brackets lill. Spindle il is journaled for rotation in roller bearings 42 which are mounted in a housing 43 which is xed to the outer end of jib B. A housing 40a is fixed to the lower end of spindle 4l and rotates with arm IC. The jib B comprises an inner section D and is supported for horizontal rotation by a sleeve 44 (Fig. 4) which is journaled for horizontal rotation in roller-bearings d which are carried by a hollow standard or base 46. A housingbracket 41 is iixedly secured to the upper end of sleeve 44. The jib B and the parts carried thereby. including arm C and projector A, are vertically movable by section D which is supported on bracket 41 for vertical movement to raise and lower the projector for diierent heights of flasks. Jib B comprises a pair of divergent tubular members b (Fig. 3), the outer ends of which are lxedly secured to lugs on housing '43. The inner ends of members b have affixed thereto bearings b' which are carried by a crossshaft 4t. YShaft 48 is pivotally supported for vertical movement by the outer end of member D which comprises a pair of divergent tubular members d; The outer ends of members d are rigidly cross-connected bya pivot-bracket d in which shaft 48 is mounted. The inner ends of members d are secured to bracket d2 which are pivotally supported by a horizontal shaft 49 which is supported in bearings formed in housing-bracket 41. with an integral upstanding arm 50. Each arm 50 is connected to bracket 43 by a truss-rod 50a. The upper ends of arms 50 are pivotally connected to the housing-bracket 41 by links 5i, the outer ends of which are pivotally connected by pins 52 to the upper ends of arms 50, respectively. The inner ends of links 5i are connected to a crossshaft 53 which is journalled in bracket d1. Links 5l are parallel to members d, and with arms 5D, maintain the horizontality of jib B and arm C when arm D is pivotally raised or lowered on the axis of shaft 49. Links 5l and member D swing in parallel planes.

The machine is equipped with mechanism for feeding sand to the projector from an overhead supply. -An endless conveyor belt is driven by suitable gearing from an electric motor m and extends over and swings laterally with jib B and discharges sand into a chute m2 over an endless conveyor belt m3 which is mounted on and swings laterally with, and extends over arm. C and de livers sand into the inlet opening in the inner side of the casing a of the sand projector A. The endless belt M is supported in a frame, which has its inner end pivotally supported in a bracket m5 fixed to the upper end of housing-bracket 41 and yits outer end supported from jib B by rods m4, so that the outer end of the belt will rise and fall .with the jib. Belt m3 is supported in a frame cara -ried by arm C and is driven by suitable gearing (not shown) from motor a2 which drives the projector. v

A hydraulic device is provided for pivotally raising and lowering arm D to raise or lower jib B, arm C and projector A for projecting sand into flasks of different heights. This device comprises (Fig. 4) a cylinder 54 which is provided with transversely coaxial trunnions 55 which are pivotally supported in bearings 55. Bearings 56 are integrally formed with housing-bracket 41 and pivotally support cylinder 54 from and for horizontal swinging with said bracket. A piston 51 is slidable vertically in cylinder 54 and is operable by oil under pressure forced into the lower part oi the cylinder and retained therein to hold the piston in its assigned position. The upper end of stem 58 of piston 51 has xed thereto a saddle 5S which engages crossed truss-rods 60, the ends of which are secured to bracket d' and brackets d2. When piston 51 is raised in cylinder 54 by oil under pressure, stem 58 will shift saddle 59 upwardly and through truss-rods 60 swing jibmember D at shaft 49 to bodily raise the shaft (i8 and arms 50 which support the jib B. Links 5l and members d retain the jib B and arm C horizontal. When oil is exhausted from cylinder 5d the load of sand on the jib will lower piston 51. The supporting arm C will be lowered with the jib according to the volume of oil exhausted from the cylinder. This exempliiies a hydraulic device for raising and lower the jib and arm which support the projector and are pivoted for horizontal swinging movements. Heretofore it has been the practice to use a cable and drum for raising and lowering the jib. An objection to the use of a cable is that breakage of the cable results in sudden dropping of and damage to, the supporting Bearings b' are each provided structure. When hydraulic mechanism is used for this purpose and leakage occurs, the dropping of the supporting structure will be gradual and no breakage or damage will result.

The hydraulic mechanism for rotating the sleeve 44 and housing 41 which support the jib B and arm C, for horizontal movementl of the projector A in any direction, comprises (Figs. 2, 4 and 6) a pair of stationary cylinders E, E which are supported by a housing 8l which is fixed to one side of the standard 46, and pistons e, e1 slidably mounted in said cylinders, respectively. A gear ez is keyed to sleeve 44 and stems of pistons e, e1 are connected to gear-racks e3, e4 which mesh, respectively, with gear e2 on opposite sides thereof. Cylinders E, E have connected thereto pipes 84 and 85 respectively, for deliverins.f oil under pressure thereto and exhausting it therefrom. yFor rotating sleeve 44 and the jib B and parts carried thereby in one direction, oil under pressure is delivered to cylinder E and simultaneously exhausted from the cylinder E' so that racks e3, e* will be operated in opposite directions. When sleeve 44 and the projector supporting structure' is to be rotated in the opposite direction, oil under pressure will be delivered into cylinder E and simultaneously exhausted from cylinder E. Shoes 62 adjustably carried by screws 54, engage the racks e3, e4 to retain them in mesh with gear e2. Tubular hoods 83 enclose tim:` ends of racks e3, e4.

The mechanism for swinging arm C horizontally on its pivotal connection with and relatively to jib B comprises (Fig. a cylinder a5 which is xedly secured to the inner end of housing 43, which is rigid with the jib B, a piston a slidably mountedin cylinder a5 and a gear-rack a'I which meshes with a gear 65 which is fixed` to the spindle 4|. Rack al is xed to the stem ail of piston a6. When uid under pressure is delivered into one end of cylinder a5 and exhausted from the other, piston a8 will be shifted to operate the rack al'I and rotate gear 6E in one direction to correspondingly swing arm C relatively to jib B. When oil under pressure is delivered into the opposite end of cylinder a5 and exhausted from the other as hereinafter described, rack arl will be operated to rotate arm C horizontally in the opposite direction. Rotation of jib B alone will cause arm C to be moved horizontally with the jlb. Pivotal movement of the arm C relatively to jib B causes the projector to be swung relatively to the jib. By compounding the pivotal movements of the jlb and arm, the projector may be shifted to ram sand within the range of movement of the projector permitted by the jib and arm. l

The apparatus for constantly supplying oil under pressure to cylinders E. E for swinging jib B and to cylinder a5 for swinging arm C comprises a closed tank 66 (Fig. 4) supported on a plate 6l which is supported from standard 46. This tank is adapted to contain a supply of oil for delivery to the shifting mechanisms and the control valves, hereinafter set forth, and to receive oil therefrom. This apparatus also comprises an electric motor 68 mounted on plate 6l `and a rotary pump 69 driven by motor 68 and adapted to deliver oil under high pressure, for example 350 to 750 pounds per square inch, to the hydraulic shifting mechanisms for the jib B and arm C and also for operating piston 51 to raise or lower arm D. The pump is preferably of the constantpressure type and provided with variable vanes for varying the volume of delivery to maintain a predetermined pressure in the oil lines. The intake of the pump B9 is connected by a pipe I0 to draw oil from tank 88.

The pipe connections for delivering oil under pressure from pump 89 to the cylinder af for horizontally shifting arm C and to cylinder 54 for vertically swinging arm D, the return-connections from said cylinders, and for delivering oil under pressure to, and returning it from, the control valves mounted on jib B are adapted to maintain their communication with the pump 69 and tank 68 during all horizontal swinging movements of the jlb B and arm C. For this purpose a swivel- -assembly (Figs. 15 and 16) is provided in housing 4l. This assembly comprises a core 'll which is stationarily supported and is held against rotation by the delivery and return pipe which extends vertically and centrally through sleeve 44 and a tubular shell 12 which is supported from the lower end of the fixed member of the lower bearing 45 in standard 4B (Fig. 4), Core 1I fits in a cylindrical casin 'i3 which is provided with a ange M which is xedly supported on a wall in bracket d'1 so that the casing will rotate horizontally with jlb B. A pipe 15 is connected to the pressure side of pump 59, extends upwardly through shell l2, and is connected to a vertical port 'l5 which communicates with an'annular channel 'ita in the peripheryof .core ll to deliver oil under pressure to a pipe 18, which is connected to casing i3 and communicates with said channel in all relative positions of the casing 'i3 and core li. An oil return-pipe 'i9 which discharges into tank S6, is connected to a port 8L in core 'li whichvcommunicates with an annular channel 60a to receive oil from a return pipe 5I which is connected to casing 'i3 and communicates with said latter channel in all relative positions of the casing i3 land core li. A ball bearing d3 is provided between the upper end oi core H and a closure @5l which is threaded to the upper end of. casing i3. A port 95 extends from the upper end of the core to the return port Si) so that any oi1 which leaks upwardly between core 'il and casing 'i3 will be returned through port 95 to the return port til.

The swivel assembly also comprises connections for oil between a valve F which controls the flow of oilto and from the cylinders for shifting the jib B and a pilotvalve G mounted on the lib- These connections include a pipe connected to valve F and to a port 36a in core ll. Port 86B communicates with an annular channel SG in core li. A pipe @d connects pilot valve G and casing 'i3 and communicates with channel Sli. A second pipe 8l connects valve F and a port Bla in core 1l. A third pipe iil connects the pilot valve G and casing 'i3 and communicates with an annular channel 9i in core ll to which port 87a is connected.

The valve F controls the swinging of the J'ib B in either direction and is controlled by a pilot valve G which is mounted on the jib. Pilot-controlled valve F is mounted adjacent the standard Alli and comprises a casini f, and a valve piston f is provided to control the delivery of oil to. and its return from, the cylinders E. E2 for shifting jib B in opposite directions. A branch 82 of pipe 'l5 delivers oil under pressure into the casing f' of this valve. A pipe 83 leads from valve-casing F to return pipe 19 for returning oil to tank 6B. Valve piston f, controls the flow of oil under pressure through a pipe 84 to one end of cylinder E and the opposite end of cylinder E for swinging the jib B in one direction and,

through a, pipe 85 which is connected to the outer yend of cylinder E and the inner end oi' cylinder E for delivering oil for swinging the ,lib B in the opposite direction. The pipes 8 and 85 alternately deliver oil to, and return it from cylinders E, E' to the casing of valve F, under control of valve-piston f. Valve F is adapted to deliver substantially full pressure of oil to the cylinders E, E' under control of the pilot valve G and to graduate the return flow from said cylinders and to control the speed of movement of the lib IB. The movements oi the valve-piston f are controlled by oil delivered through small pipes in the long reaches between the pilot valve Gr and the casing J". The valve-piston f (Fig. 17) is held normally closed and centered in the valve-casing i' by springs @t which are interposed between shoulders adjacent and on the opposite ends of valve-piston J and abutments tl respectively. Each abutment .lll is adjustable to vary the tension of its spring by means of a screw tti which is threaded to a screw-plug e@ in one of the ends of the casing of valve F. `When valve-piston f is centralized the iiow of oil between the pressurepipe i2 and pipes Si and t5 which lead to cylinders E, E', will be cut oli" by cylindrical portions iti and lili, respectively, so that the pistons in said cylinders will remain in the positions to which they have been shifted. Pipe 82 delivers oil to an annular chamber itil around the reduced central portion of piston-vaivelt between portionsliii and lThis chamber is normally closed by portions lill 4and M32 of valve-piston j", and the pressure of oil from pipe dfi on the sides of portions lill and ist of valve-piston f is normally balanced. Portions itl and lili of the piston-valve normally cut off communication between chamber itil and the ports in casing f' which lead to pipes @il and respectively. When valve-piston f is shifted in either direction, it will establish iuli pressure communication between 'the oii in chamber it@ and one of the pipes Elli, according to r,the direction in which the vaive-piston is shifted. The outer end of each of the cylindrical portions l-Di and lil is slightly tapered, as at itiEL and M3522. These tapered portions alternately control the return ow of oil from cylinders E, E so as to graduate the reduction ci pressure of the oil, thereby controlling the rate of motion of pistons e, e and the rate oi swing oi' jlb B. .Tapered portions idle, leila alternately control the return flowoi oil from either of the pipes 355, @il to channels illformed around reduced portions of the valve-piston, respectively. A port iiill in casing y" crossconnects channels i and this port is connected to pipe 83 for returning oil to the tank tt. Valvecasing is provided at each end with an oilchamber to which pipes di, Si are respectively connected. These pipes til, @il are respectively. connected through the swivel-assembly to pipes and $39, which are connected to the pilotvalve G which is adapted to alternately control the outflow of oil under pressure through said pipes from the chambers it at opposite ends o the valve-casing f. Provision is made for delivering oil under pressure in small quantities from chamber iilil in casing f to chambers Hilti through radial ports ill? and a longitudinal port l lil in valve-piston f. 'The valve-piston f is operated responsively to the now of oil through the pilotvalve G to unbalance the pressure against the ends of said piston. This flow to and from the pilot valve G is restricted by ports it in screwplugs tilt which are threaded into the stem ci valve-piston f and plates lit fixed to the inner ends ci the plugs and provided with a. restricted orifice iii (Fig. 18). Oil under pressure ilows from pipe 82 through port |01 and H3 through princes ill in plates and ports |08 in plugs lil@ to the chambers |08 and pipes 88, 81, respectively, which. are connected to the pilot-valve G through the hydraulic swivel assembly and pipes iii? and t9. When oil is exhausted through the pilot-valve G from one of the pipes 8B, 8l, the pressure in one end of the casing f' will be reduced so that the pressure of oil in the other end will operate valve-piston f to deliver oil under pressure to one of the pipes 84, 85 for operating the hydraulic mechanism for shifting lib B in one direction. When the pilot-valve G is closed, oil under pressure from port |01 will restore the pressure in the chambers |08 and the pipes Eil, 0l through which the pressure has been reduced until it is equal to the pressure in the chamber it, in the opposite end of casing allowing springs $6 to shift valve-piston f to its neutral position. Through the pilot-valve G, oil pressure in either 'of theY pipes 86, 81 may be reduced to move valve-piston J" in opposite directions and control the direction of the swinging of the jib B. The valve F exemplifies a proportional valve whereby the movements of thev valve-piston f are slowly and accurately controlled to control the iiow of oil under pressure from pipe 32, through valve-casing f', to either of the pipes til, t for operating the pistons in cylinders E, E in opposite directions and also makes it possible to use small pipes for the :flow

ilU

of oil to control the movements of piston valve i.

n by-pass valve tile for permitting a small amount of oil to flow directly between pipes 812 and cushions the swinging movements of the arm so that when the control lever, hereinafter described, is suddenly returned to neutral, the momentum of the arm and the load carried thereby will be smoothly decelerated.

The pilot-valve G for controlling the operation oi' the valve F is mounted to swing with lib B and comprises (Figs. 2l and 23) a. casing g provided with a cylindrical bore g2 and a valvemeinber g rotatably mounted on the bore. An outlet pipe iii is connected to the bottom oi the casing g and to the oil-return line 8i. Valve g' is provided with oppositely disposed segmental cylindrical closure surfaces lili, one of which normally closes the port in casing g which coinmunicates with pipe M5, and the other of which iimits the communication between the pipe lli-5 'to either side of member g. 'Valve-member p' is provided with annular channels lill which communicate with the ports in casing g to which pipes and @t are connected respectively. Between channels ll'i the valve-member g is provided at diametrically opposite points with cut-away portions i138 which communicate with eccentric circumferential cut-away portions il@ between closure surfaces lit, which are circu n lerentially aligned with the closure-faces iid. Eccentric cut-aways l it! are of gradually increasing depth to graduate the low of oil when the valve is opened. An arm i2@ is adjustably secured to the stem o5 of valve-member g and is adapted to shift it from its neutral position in either direction. Normally, surface ile of valvemember g will close communication between the casing g and return-pipe M5. When valvemember y is rotated in one direction, fluid from pipe il will flow across one cut-away M8 to eccentric cut-away lill to return pipe i iii and return oil from one end of valve F through returnpipe ||l to the return pipe 8| to the tank 88, while the exhaust of oil from pipe 88 will remain cutoii' by the closure surfaces ||8. When valvemember g is rotated in the opposite direction oil will be exhausted from valve F through pipe 88 and the flow through pipe 81 will be cut ofi by closure-surface H8. This exempliiles a ypilot-- valve for proportionately controlling the operation oi' the valve F by graduated now to control l the swinging movements or .11b B by iluid under pressure in cylinders E, E'. This pilot-valve is mounted on the top-wall of a box |2| which is fixed to bracket 43 so that the valve will swing with jlb B.

Ihe valve H for controlling the operation of the piston a6 incylinder a5 for swinging the arm C in either direction (Figs. 19 and 20) is mounted in box |2| which swings with jlb B. Valve H comprises a casing h, a valve-piston h' slidably mounted in a cylinder in the casing and provided with a central annular channel h and a stem hb for reciprocating the valve-piston. This channel h2 communicates with the pressure-pipe 18. Cylindrical portions h3 of the valve-piston at the ends of the channel h2 normally cui; oir the flow of oil under pressure to pipes |22 and |23 which are respectively connected to the opoposite ends of cylinder a5 to operate its piston a6 in either direction so as to operate rack a"I to swing arm C in either direction. When valvepiston h' is shifted in one direction, it will establish communication between one oi the pipes |22, |23, and the pressure line 18 to deliver oil under pressure into one end of the cylinder, and simultaneously permit outflow of oil from the other of said pipes to reduce the pressure in the other end oi the cylinder. A branch of return-pipe 8| is connected to a duct |25 in casing h which communicates with the ends of the cylinder in said casing. When valve-piston h is centralized it will cui; ofi communication between pressure-pipe 8| and pipes |22 and |23. When valve-piston h is shifted in either direction, one cylindrical portion h3 will permit oil under pressure to flow from channel h2 to one of the pipes |22, |23, and the other of the cylindrical i portions h3 will open communication between the other of said pipes and return-port |25 so that oil will be forced into one end of the cylinder and the pressure will be reduced in its other end. When the valve-piston 7L' is shifted in the opposite direction, the flow of oil under pressure and the exhaust will be reversed to operate piston a6 in the opposite direction. The valve-piston ls provided with conical portions h4 ior graduating the reduction of pressure to control the rate of movement of arm C. A needle-valve J is included in a pipe between pipes |23 and |22 to cushion the movements of the piston a and arm C.

A valve I (Fig. 24) controls the flow of' oil under pressure into the lower end of cylinder 5d and under piston 51 to vertically swing member D for raising and lowering the jib B, arm C and projector A. This valve I comprises a casing i, a valve-piston i2 slidably mounted in a cylinder i1 in the casing, and springs z'4 for normally centering the piston. A branch |26 of pressure pipe 18 is connected to casing z' to deliver oil under pressure into an annular channel i3 in and between cylindrical sections i5 of valve-piston i, and a pipe |21 which is connected to deliver oil under pressure into the lower end of cylinder 54. When valve-piston i2 is in its normal and centralized position, communication between the oil in cylinder |54 will be retained therein to hold arm D against vertical movement. A pipe |28 is connected to v'one side of the cylinder in casing i and to return-pipe 8| for discharging loil from cylinder 64 under control oi the valvepiston i2. Normally, valve-piston i2 is in its centralized position and sections if cut oil communication between pipes |26 and |21. A stern |28 on valve-piston i2 is adapted to impart sliding movements to said piston. When the valve-piston i2 is shifted in one direction from its normal position it will deliver oil under pressure from pipe |26 through channel i3 to pipe |21 into cylinder 54 to raise piston 51 and the arm D. When the valve-piston i is shifted in the opposite dlrection, it will permit the oil from cylinder 54, which is subjected to pressure by the piston 51 and the load thereon, to escape through branchpipe |28 and pipe i to tank 66. Valve I ismounted on bracket 41 so it will swing horizontally with the Jib B. An electric motor |38 controls the movements of valve-piston i. The shaft of this motor is provided with an arm iti which is adapted to move between fixed limit stops |32 and |33 and connected by a link |29 to stem |29. Motor |38 is of the reversible type and when it is supplied with current for operating its rotor in one direction, it will shift arm |3i, link |28 and stem |29 to move valve-piston i2 against the force of one of the springs i4, into position to supply oil under pressure through pipe |26 to pipe |21 into the lower end of cylinder 54. When motor |30 is reversed, it will shift arm |3| and stem |28 to shirt valve-piston i2 in the opposite direction against the force of the other spring i* and into position to discharge oil from cylinder 54 through the valve-casing i and around one end of the valve-piston i2 to return pipes |28 and 8| to tank 6u. Pipe B21 includes a hose-section for permitting the cylinder 54 to swing on its trunnions 5b during the raising and lowering movementsof arm D. A pipe |34 is connected to the upper end oi' cylinder b4 and return-pipe |28 to permit any oil which leaks around piston 54 to flow to the return-pipe 8|. The motor |30 is controlled by a switch-button |35 which is placed in convenient reach of the operator. As ling as current is supplied to motor |30 it will hold arm |3| against one of the stops |32, |33, according to the direction in which the rotor of said motor is shiited. As soon as current is cut olf. springs i4 will restore piston 'i and arm |3| to their respective normal or centralized position andcut ofl` communication between pipe |21 and pipes |26 and |28, and confine the oil in cylinder 54 so it will hold piston 51 in the position in which it has been shifted by the increase or decrease of the voiLune or' oil in said cylinder, and cause the jib B, arm C and projector A tc remain at the desired height.

To enable the operator to fullyobserve the sand discharged into the flask so he can move the projector to uniformly and quickly build up the sand and distribute it into all portions of the flask, a seat K for supporting the operator is mounted on the outer end of arm C so the operator will travel with the projector, and a manually operable lever L for controlling the pilot valve G and the valve H for controlling the hydraulic shifting devices for jib B and arm C is also mounted adjacent the seat. A bracket lc is supported from the casing of the sand-projector A. Foot-rests k are provided for the operator.

vmanch-pipe m and pipe m'wiu be cui @fr and The invention contemplates the control of the hydraulic devices for swinging the jib B and arm. C by a single element which is supported to move with the projector, such as a lever L, to control the speed, direction and extent of horizontal movements of the projector and the individual, and compounding of the shifting movements of the jib B and arm C.v This lever is mounted at the outer end of arm C and the lever and the operator will be moved horizontally in all directions with the projector, and is adapted to shift devices for operating valves G and H which are mounted to move with the jlb B. Lever L is operated as a "joy-stick and is mounted for universal pivotal movement to control both of the valves G and H for controlling the operation of the hydraulic shifting devices to swing the jlb B on its axis, and to swing the arm C relatively to the jib to move the projector in any direction around the supporting standard 46. Connections are provided for lever L whereby movement of its handle l longitudinally of arm C, will control the operation of the hydraulic device for swinging the jlb B. Transverse pivotal movement of handle Z will control the pivotal movements of arm C relatively to and on the jib B. Compounding these movements will correspondingly control said devices to compound their actions to move the projector into any angular direction for delivery of sand into all portions of a large flask. ALever L is supported on a box (Fig. 13). --A tube |35n spaces the box |35 from housing 45a which is carried by the spindle 4| and rotates with arm. C. Box |36 is also supported in seat-supporting bracket lc by a stud itl which is slidable in a rubber cushion |38. Lever L is ulcrumed for universal pivotal movementrelatively to box |35 by a collar |55 which is flxedly secured to and above the lower end of the lever and is provided with an opstanding annular rim or bead which seats in an annular groove Ml which is semi-circular in cross-section, formed in the underside of the topwall of box |35. Groove lill forms a seat for the bead ifi@ on which the lever can rock ansularly in any direction. A coil-spring |42 between the top of box and a shoulder |43 on lever L, serves to normally .hold lever L in its centralized position and to return it to such position when it is released by the operator. .A shaft ltd extends longitudinally through tube i355 and its outer end is connected oy a transverse pivot-pin |55 to :fork Z3 xed on the lower end of lever L. This shaft is formed of sections and comprises an outer section which is pivoted to forli Z3, an inner section iii@ and a tube iride between said sections. Rotation of shaft if'il approximately on its own axis by transverse movement of lever-handle E controls the operation of valve H for ei'iectins the pivotal movement in either direction of arm C, correspondingly to the direction in which the handle is shifted on its vertical pivot to jlb B. Longitudinal movement of shaft lt hy movement of handle l longitudinally of arm C controis the pilot-valve G for controlling the valve E' for the hydraulic device for swinging the jlb B according, to the direction in which the handle is shifted.

The connection for shifting the arm |26? of the pilot-valve G responsively to longitudinal movement of shalt idd comprises a rod Mii which is.

connected by universal joint |4l to arm tzt of pilot valve @(Fig. 2l) and is pivotally connected to the transverse arm of a horizontallyshiftable bellcranr lever fait (Fig. 8) which is pivoted at Mtl in box lli, a link pivoted to the longitudinal arm of lever |48, and to a lever |5|. the inner end of which is fulcrumed at Il! (Fig. 9) to a bracket 53 fixed to the top ofbox |2|. Lever IBI is preferably formed of square tubing. A forked bracket |54 (Figs. 9 and 13) is xed to the top of the outer end of lever IBI. A rotatable sleeve |55 (Fig. 14) extends into the top and bottom arms of brackets |54. A bearingblock |56 between the arms of bracket |54 comprises a vertically extending housing |51 containing sleeve |55 for pivotally connecting bracket |54 on lever |5| and block |56 for relative horizontal swinging. Section |58 of shaft |44 ls journaled and secured against longitudinal movement in bearing-block |56. Normally lever l5| is in its central position and the pilot valve G is closed. When shaft |44 is shifted longitudinally in either direction by the shaft of leverhandle l longitudinally of arm C, said shaft will shift bearing-block |56 correspondingly, and shift sleeve |55 and the outer end of lever |5| by a toggle action to operatel valve-member g' of the pilot valve G responsively to the direction in which rod |44 ls shiftedy by handle l. When lever-handle l is pushed away from the operator, shaft |44 will shift block |55 to swing lever i5! to shift the pilot-valve G to control valve F to swing jlb B in one direction, and when the lever is shifted from its normal position in the opposite direction longitudinal movement of shaft M4, the pilot-valve G will be controlled to operate the cylinders E, E to shift jib B in the opposite direction. Lever l-5|, when lever L is released, ls shifted to its centralized position to automatically restore the pilot-valve into its normal position upon release of the lever. This is effected by a pair of springs |69 (Figs. 14 and l5) coiled around studs |l0 which are fixed to the arms of a forked bracket which is fixed to the outer end of lever |5I. Springs |59 engage abutment washers |12 which are adjustably tft held on studs |10, respectively, and normally engage angle brackets |13 which are fixed to housing 43 and are free to move away from brackets :ll' when lever |5| is shifted. Rollers llt mounted on bracket lll ride in a channeled track to guide the outer end of lever |5| horizontally and transversely. This exemplifies means for controlling the pilot-valve G to control the valve F for operating the pistons in cylinders E, E in opposite directions by corresponding movements of the lever L to effect longitudinal movement of rod |44. Spring |42, when lever L is released, rocks said lever and rod |44 to their normal positions to close valve H which controls the movements of piston a6 in cylinder a5 for the swinging movements of arm C.

The connection for operating valve H to control the operation of the piston a6 in cylinder a5 for swinging arm C laterally relatively to the jlb B, comprises an arcuate gear |61) (Fig. 12), which is fixed to the shaft |58 and confined sidewise in a pocket |6| in block |56, and a shaft |62 which is vertically slidable in sleeve |55 which is rotatable in bracket |54 and is provided with gear-teeth which mesh with gear |60. Rotation of shaft |55 on its own axis by transverse tilting of lever L will rock gear |50 to raise or lower shaft |52. Shoes |53 t in an annular groove |56 in the lower end of shaft |62 so they will be raised and lowered with the shaft, while permitting rotation of said shaft relatively to the shoes and are provided with trunnions |65 which are plvotecl in the outer end of the horizontally extending arm of a bell-crank lever |66, which is assaooi pivoted at |61 in lever IBI. The vertical arm of lever |88 has pivotally connected thereto a rod |88 which includes universal Joints, and is con nected to the stem h of the valve H which conr trois the flow of oil to and from the cylinder a* for swinging arm C in opposite directions. The

connection between slidable shaft |82 which is operable by rotation of rod |44 and the stem h5 oi' valve H are mounted on lever |5| so that the` movements of the piston-valve h' of valve H and the operation of the pilot valve G by lever |5|, may be compounded to any extent desired. The connection operated by shaft |62 remains operative in all positions of lever |5| so that the arm C may be swung in any angular posi-tion of jib B.

The operation of the machine Will be as follows: normally motor 88 will be operated to continuously drive the pump 69 while the projector is being operated. The pump is provided with a suitable,pressure-regulating device to maintain the desired pressure in the cil-lines and irrespective of the rate of delivery of oil up to the maximum capacity of the pump. The constant pressure of say 350 to '750 pounds per square inch is maintained in the pump lines. While lever L is released and held in its normal vertical position by spring |42, the connections for operating the pilot-valve G which controls the swinging of the jib B and valve H which controls the swinging of the arm C, will be positioned to close said valves so that the hydraulic devices will be static and the jib and arm will remain in any position to which they have been shifted. When it is desired to move the projector over the flask by swinging the jib B to the right, the operator on seat K will shift handle Z of lever L forwardly and hold it in its shifted position until the jlb has been shifted to the point desired. The extent of this angular movement of lever L regulates the range of movement of the member g of pilot valve G and controls the speed of the movement of the jib. This movementof lever L will pull rod |44 outwardly and, through the toggle action between bearing-block |56, sleeve |55 and bracket |54, swing lever |5| in such direction that link |50, bellcrank lever |48, and rod |48 will rock arm |20 to shift the rotary member g in pilot-valve G and deliver oil to shift valve-piston J of valve F to deliver fluid through pipe 85 into the opposed ends of cylinders E, E and operate racks e3 and e4 in opposite directions to rotate gear e2 and swing jib B to the right. Simultaneously valve-member j of valve F will permit graduated return of oil from the opposite ends of cylinders E, E' through pipe 85 to the return-pipe 83. As soon as the lever is released, the pilotvalve G and valve F will be restored to closed position and the movement of the pistons e, e in cylinders E, E' will stop. Movement of lever L toward the operator will shift valve-member g' of pilot-valve G to deliver oil under pressure through pipe 85 into opposed ends of cylinders E, E to permit the outflow of oil from the opposite opposed ends of the cylinders through pipe 84 to shift the jib B to the left. When it is desired to swing the arm C relatively to jlb B to the right, the operator will transversely move handle l of lever L, to the right, which will cause said lever to rock rod |4| and turn gear |60 to slide shaft |62 upwardly in sleeve |55. This movement of shaft |62 will swing bellcrank lever |66 and shift rod |68 inwardly to slide the valve-piston h' ai to rotate gear 8B which will rotate arm C to the right of the jlb. When lever L is released spring |42 will rock ro'd |44 to close valve H. When handle l of lever L is shifted to the left, rod |44 will be rocked in the reverse direction and shift valve-piston h' to deliver -oil under pressure through pipe |28 to cylinder a and operate the piston a to swing arm C to the left. During these operations of valve H, it will control the gradual reduction of pressure in one end of the cylinder a5, through pipes |24 and 8| simultaneously with delivery of oil to said cylinder.

Lever L, being universally pivoted. may be shifted forward and back, transversely or angularly, in any direction. When the lever is shifted in other than a true fore and aft or transverse direction, the rocking and longitudinal movement of rod |44 will be compounded to control both the pilot-valve G for controlling the shift of jib B and the valve H for controlling the swinging of arm C. The movements of rod |44 will be compounded responsively to the variations in the angle of movement of lever L so that if the handle l is shifted forwardly and laterally to the right at an angle of 45, the relative movements of the jlb and arm will be such that the projector will move substantially in the direction of the movement of the handle. Similarly the shift of the lever in different angles will control the pilotvalve and valve H to control the movements of the projector in the same angular direction in' which the handle Z of lever L is shifted. When the handle is shifted in any angular direction.l

to compound the movements of the jlb B and arm C and is released, the handle will be restored to its normal position by spring |42 and springs |69 will restore lever |51 to its normal position Iso that the projector may be arrested at any point desired. In the event that the jib B and arm C should be shifted to their dead center position, the arm C can be independently swung slightly to render the lever |5| shiftable by longitudinal movement of shaft |44, but in practice this very seldom occurs.

In practice it has been found that hydraulic devices respond quickly to the movement oi?A the control lever to move the projector horizontally in any desired path or position. In the operation of these projectors, the projector is usually kept moving continuously in varied or irregular directions in rarnming asks. Hydraulic controls, such as pilot-valve G and valves F and H, while being continuously operated, avoid wear which results when other types of control mechvanism are used. The guiding or shifting of the projector is simple and convenient because it responds to the direction of movement of the handle l of lever L, so that the sand will be rammed as required in filling aslks with patterns of a wide diversity of shapes. The operator is seated at the outer end of the lib-supported arm where he can follow the projector and can readily and easily observe the accumulation of the sand in the flask and shift the projector for the proper distribution of the sand. The valves are adapted to graduate the flow of oil under pressure for gradual operation of the jlb and arm and are proportional to the extent of movement of the lever L in any direction so that the speed of the movements of the jib and arm may be readily controlled by the operator. In practice, the mechanism illustrated and described has been found to greatly expedite the movements of the projector over the flask and has made it possible to use a projector of high capacity to expedite the ramming of the flasks.

The invention is not to be understood as restricted to the details set forth, since these may be modied within the scope of the appended claims, Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what we cla-im as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The combination with a rotary power-driven projector, a structure for supporting the projector to move horizontally in any direction so the projector will ram sand in all portions of a flask, and vaplurality of hydraulic devices for horizontally shifting the projector in different directions horizontally, oi' a manually operable lever supe ported for universal pivotal movement, valves for controlling the operation of said devices respec tively, and connections between the lever and the valves for operating the valves singly or corn-= poundly, to control the single or compound op eration of said devices for shifting the projector horizontally in any direction and-so it will be shifted in substantially the same direction as the lever is shifted.

2. The combination with a jib pivoted to swing horizontally, an arm pivoted on the distal end of the jib to swing horizontally, a rotary projector supported on the distal end of said arm, an operators support on the distal end oi the arm, and devices for shifting the jib and arm, of control means for said devices respectively, manually operable means mounted adjacent the distal end of and movable with the operators support and said arm, and connections between the manually operable means and said control1 means whereby the operator on the support can control the operation of said devices.

3. The combination with a jib' pivoteol to swing horizontally, an arm pivoted on the distal end oi the jib to swing horizontally, a rotary projector supported on the distal end of said arm, an opn erators support on the distal end of the arm, and devices for shifting the jib and arm, of control means for said devices respectively, mounted on and movable with the jib, manually operable means mounted adjacent the distal end of and movable with the operators support and said arm, and connections operable by the manually operable means for operating said control-means to singly or conjolntly operate said devices, said manually operable means being within reach oi an operator on the support.

d. The combination with a jib pivoted to swing horizontally, an arm pivoted on the distal end of the jib to swing horizontally, a rotary pro=` jector supported on the distal end of said arm, an operator-s support supported at the distal end of the arm, and devices for swinging said jib and arm, of control meansror said devices respec= tively, a manually operable lever mounted adjan cent the distal end of and movable with said arm and connections operable by the lever, for oper ating said control means to operate said devices singly or compoundly by varied movements ci the lever.

5. The combination with a jib pivoted to swing horizontally, an arm pivoted on the distal end of the jib to swing horizontally, a rotary projector supported on the distal end of said arm, an op erators support supported adjacent the outer end of the arm, and hydraulic devices for swinging said jib and said arm, of valves for controlling said devices respectively, a variably shiitable lever mounted on the distal end of and movable with said arm, and connections operable by the lever for operating said valves singly or compoundly by varied movements of the lever. to operate the devices singly or compoundly.

6. The combination with a jib pivoted to swing horizontally, an arm pivoted on the distal end of'- the jib to swing horizontally, a rotary projecto.`

supported on the distal end of said arm, an operators support carried by the outer end of said arm, a stationarily supported hydraulic device for swinging the jib, a hydraulic device mounted on the jib for swinging said arm, of valves for controlling said devices respectively, a lever mounted at the distal end of said arm, and connections operable by the lever foroperating said valves to control the movements of the jib and arm yby an operator on the support.

for operating the pilot valve to control the stationary valve.

8. The combination with a rotary power-driven projector and a structure for supporting the projector to move horizontally so the projector will ram sand in all portions of the ilaslr, a hydraulic device for swinging the structure comprising a pair of pistons and cylinders, racks operated by the piston, a gear engaged by the racks, of means for controlling the supply of uid under pressure to said cylinders comprising a stationarily mounted, valve, and a pilot valve mounted on and movable with the structure for controllingy the stationary valve, a lever mounted on and movn able with the structure, and a connection between the lever and the pilot valve for operating the pilot valve to control the stationary valve.

9. ylhe combination with a jib pivoted to swing horizontally, an arm pivoted on and to swing horizontally relatively to the jib, a power-driven projector supported on the distal end of the arm,

a stationarlly supported hydraulic device forV swinging the jib, a hydraulic device mounted on the jib for swinging the arm relatively to the jib, a` valve for controlling the stationarily mounted hydraulic device, a pilot valve mounted on the jib for controlling said stationary valve, a valve mounted on the jib for controlling the device for shifting the arm, a lever supported adjacent the projector, and operating connections between the lever and the pilot valve and the valve for controlling the device for swinging the arm.

l0. The combination with a jib pivoted to swing horizontally, an arrn pivoted on and to swing horizontally relatively to the jib, a powerdriven projector supported on the distal end of the arm, a stationarily supported hydraulic device ior swinging the jib, a hydraulic device mounted on the jib for swinging the arm relatively to the jib, a valve for controlling the stationarily mounted hydraulic device, a pilot valve mounted on the jib for controlling said stationary valve, a valve mounted on the jib for controlling the device for shifting the arm, a manel ually operable lever mounted on the arm, op-

erating connections between the lever and the pilot valve and the valve for controlling the'device for swinging the arm. a swivel assembly at the pivotal point around which the lib swings comprising a relatively rotatable core and casing, and pipe connections between the casing of the swivel assembly and the valves movable with the jib and stationary pipe connections connected to the core.

11. The combination with a jib pivoted to swing horizontally, an arm pivoted on and to swing horizontally relatively to the jlb, a. powerdriven projector supported on the distal end of the arm, a hydraulic device for swinging thejib, a hydraulic device mounted on the jib for swinging the arm relatively tothe jlb, of a valve for controlling the device for shifting the jlb,A a valve mounted on the jib for controlling the device for shifting the arm, a lever supported on the arm adjacent the projector, and operatingconnections between the lever and the valve and the valve for controlling the devices for swinging the arm, said connections comprising a shaft rotatable and shiftable longitudinally by the lever, and means for operating one of the valves by rotary and the other valve by longitudinal movement of the shaft.

12. The combination with a jlb Vpivoted to swing horizontally, an arm pivoted on and to swing horizontally relatively to the jib, a powerdriven projector supported on the distal end of the arm, a hydraulic device for swinging the jlb, a hydraulic device mounted on the jib for swinging the arm relatively to the jib, a valve for controlling the device for shifting the jib, a pilot valve mounted on the jb for controlling the valve for controlling the jib, a valve` on the jlb for controlling the device for shifting the arm, a lever pivoted for universal movement and supported on the arm adjacent the projector, a shaft movable with the arm and by the lever, and connectionsbetween the shaft and the pilot valve and the valve for controlling the device for swinging the arm.

MURRAY G. CLAY.

ELMER. O. BEARDSLEY. 

